Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is an indicated treatment of several medical conditions including late-onset hypogonadism, congenital syndromes, and gender affirmation hormonal therapy. I...
Orthopaedic surgery training focuses primarily on the knowledge base and surgical techniques that comprise the fundamental and physical pillars of performance. It also pays much less attention t...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2024/04150/mental_skills_for_orthopaedic_surgery.1.aspx
Introduction: When orthopaedic surgeons begin or relocate their careers, they must communicate effectively about their instrumentation and equipment needs. ‘Preference Cards’ or ‘Pick List...
The Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) for Knee Osteoarthritis Technology Overview is based on a systematic review of current scientific and clinical research. Through analysis of the current best evide...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2024/04010/american_academy_of_orthopaedic_surgeons.2.aspx
Femoral neck fractures in physiologically young patients typically occur from high-energy axial loading forces through the thigh with the hip in an abducted position. These fractures have a high...
Accurate and timely diagnosis of musculoskeletal conditions is an essential component of high-quality orthopaedic care. The proximity of the shoulder to the cervical spine leads to a multitude o...
Midcarpal instability (MCI) of the wrist represents multiple distinct clinical entities that all have in common abnormal force transmission across the midcarpal joint. This can be asymptomatic b...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2023/08010/midcarpal_instability.9.aspx
Postoperative venous thromboembolism is a major adverse event associated with orthopaedic surgery. With the addition of perioperative anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy, the rates of sympt...
Management of soft-tissue injuries is a critical principle in the treatment of orthopaedic trauma. Understanding the options for soft-tissue reconstruction is vital for successful patient outcom...
Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guideline is based on a systematic review of published studies for the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament...
According to the World Health Organization, obesity is a global health epidemic, which has nearly tripled in prevalence since 1975. Worldwide in 2016, 13% of adults 18 years and older had obesit...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2022/12150/obesity_treatment_in_orthopaedic_surgery.5.aspx
Toe walking is a common presenting report to an orthopaedic practice. Evaluation of a child with toe walking includes a thorough history and physical examination to elucidate the diagnosis. When...
Patients presenting with ulnar-sided wrist pain can pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to physicians because there are several pathologies with similar signs and symptoms. In comparison...
Fragility hip fractures are a major public health problem with a notable effect on quality of life for patients and their families. Management of Hip Fractures in Older Adults: Evidence-Based Cl...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2022/10150/aaos_clinical_practice_guideline_summary_.9.aspx
Management of Osteoarthritis of the Knee (nonarthroplasty) Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline is based on a systematic review of published studies for the nonarthroplasty treatment of os...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2022/05010/aaos_clinical_practice_guideline_summary_.10.aspx
While flatfeet are normal in children, persistence into adolescence with associated pain or asymmetry warrants additional evaluation. Rigidity of a flatfoot deformity, whether a clinical report ...
Subscapularis tears occur more commonly than previously reported. Owing to the importance of the subscapularis in shoulder function, strong consideration should be given to repairing a full-thic...
Level of Evidence: Level V Orthopaedic surgeons are exposed to various occupational hazards in a busy daily practice which can cause potential physical injury and additional mental stress. By be...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2022/04010/occupational_hazards_for_the_practicing.4.aspx
Adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) is a condition commonly seen by orthopaedic surgeons. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is thought to be the initial pathoanatomic etiology that leads ...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2022/01010/adult_acquired_flatfoot_deformity.4.aspx
A Jones fracture, located at the metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction of the fifth metatarsal, is at an increased risk for nonunion and continued pain. Even with excellent surgical technique and post...
Penicillin allergies are reported by 8% to 15% of the US population, but up to 95% of these allergies do not correspond to a true allergy when tested. Recent studies have demonstrated that havin...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2022/01010/understanding_penicillin_allergy,.3.aspx
Providing orthopaedic call coverage is a core requirement for orthopaedic surgery residents. Developing proper call habits and routines during residency is critical to becoming an attending surg...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2022/02150/optimizing_the_orthopaedic_consult.2.aspx
Partial thickness rotator cuff tears (PRCTs) are a challenging disease entity. Optimal management of PRCTs continues to be controversial. Although advances in magnetic resonance imaging and ultr...
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate nationwide trends and regional variability in opioid prescriptions after common orthopaedic procedures. Methods: A retrospective analysis ...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2021/03010/notable_variability_in_opioid_prescribing.8.aspx
Introduction: Hip fractures frequently present in complicated patients and are fraught with high morbidity and mortality rates. Postoperatively, delayed ambulation has been identified as a facto...
Cast saw burns are an avoidable complication of cast removal and cast splitting. These iatrogenic injuries often lead to unacceptable clinical sequalae with significant financial and legal conse...
Septic arthritis continues to present challenges regarding the clinical diagnosis, workup, and definitive management. Urgent management is essential, so treating surgeons must efficiently work t...
The Major Extremity Trauma and Rehabilitation Consortium and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons have developed the Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) for the Diagnosis and Management of Ac...
Shared decision-making (SDM) is the process by which the physician and the patient collaborate to arrive at the evidence-based treatment that best aligns with the patient's individual goals of c...
Long-distance running has become increasingly popular during the past decades. Many running patients pose questions to their orthopaedic surgeons regarding risks, benefits, and running technique...
Management of Rotator Cuff Injuries Clinical Practice Guideline is based on a systematic review of current scientific and clinical research. The purpose of this clinical practice guideline is to...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2020/03010/management_of_rotator_cuff_injuries.4.aspx
The Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome Clinical Practice Guideline is based on a systematic review of current scientific and clinical research. The purpose of this clinical practice guidel...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2020/02010/management_of_acute_compartment_syndrome.5.aspx
Osteoporosis, often called a silent disease, is a systemic condition of bone as a result of loss of bone mass and deterioration of its microarchitecture. The result is weakened bone, leading to ...
Background: The representation of minorities among medical students has increased over the past two decades, but diversity among orthopaedic residents lags behind. This phenomenon has occurred d...
The last stage of a supination-external rotation ankle fracture involves either transverse fracture of the medial malleolus or rupture of the deltoid ligament. When the deltoid ligament ruptures...
Intrawound antibiotics have been used in orthopaedic surgery procedures to prevent the development of surgical site infections. Local delivery of antibiotic powder has demonstrated a notable red...
Mentoring plays an integral role in orthopaedic surgeons' career development and personal growth. Effective mentors are committed to their roles, provide skilled instructional support, model con...
The Morel-Lavallée lesion is a closed soft-tissue degloving injury commonly associated with high-energy trauma. The thigh, hip, and pelvic region are the most commonly affected locations. Timel...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2016/10000/the_morel_lavall_e_lesion__diagnosis_and.1.aspx
Burnout is a syndrome marked by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low job satisfaction. Rates of burnout in orthopaedic surgeons are higher than those in the general population and ma...
The modularity and ease of application of modern external fixation has expanded its potential use in the management of fractures and other musculoskeletal conditions. In fracture care, it can be...
Myositis ossificans is a self-limiting, benign ossifying lesion that can affect any type of soft tissue, including subcutaneous fat, tendons, and nerves. It is most commonly found in muscle as a...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2015/10000/myositis_ossificans.4.aspx
Pregnancy has a profound effect on the human body, particularly the musculoskeletal system. Hormonal changes cause ligamentous joint laxity, weight gain, and a shift in the center of gravity tha...
Double crush syndrome is a distinct compression at two or more locations along the course of a peripheral nerve that can coexist and synergistically increase symptom intensity. In addition, diss...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2015/09000/double_crush_syndrome.5.aspx
Ray resection, which was pioneered by Bunnell in the 1920s, was initially performed as a salvage procedure for dysfunction of the proximal interphalangeal joint. Successful ray resection with or...
Recovery following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is an arduous process that requires a significant mental and physical commitment to rehabilitation. Orthopaedic research in recent ye...
Infection is a rare, serious complication following total joint arthroplasty and constitutes a considerable emotional and financial burden for patients, surgeons, and healthcare systems. Prevent...
Medial epicondylitis, often referred to as “golfer’s elbow,” is a common pathology. Flexor-pronator tendon degeneration occurs with repetitive forced wrist extension and forearm supination...
Thoracic outlet syndrome is a well-described disorder caused by thoracic outlet compression of the brachial plexus and/or the subclavian vessels. Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome is the most ...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2015/04000/thoracic_outlet_syndrome.4.aspx
Tennis places high loads on the joints of players, with supraphysiologic forces being generated at the shoulder and elbow hundreds of times per match. Acute injuries tend to affect the lower ext...
Calcium, or calcific, deposition disease in the form of acute calcific periarthritis of the hand and wrist is an uncommon entity that may be confused with more common crystalline or inflammatory...
https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2015/02000/calcium_deposits_in_the_hand_and_wrist.4.aspx